51茶馆

August 2, 2019

There’s no evidence 5G is going to harm our health, so let’s stop worrying about it

The roll-out of 5G is raising concerns about the effects it may have on our health. But the scientific evidence we’ve got assures us there’s no reason to worry.

Hype continues to surround the roll-out of 5G technology in Australia and across the world.

While there is promise of faster network speeds, and talk of exciting technologies like driverless cars, there鈥檚 also a growing movement to stop the implementation of 5G due to concerns about the effects it may have on our health.

But the scientific evidence we鈥檝e got assures us there鈥檚 no reason to worry. The radio frequencies powering 5G will be well below the exposure limits known to cause harm.

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What is 5G and how does it work?

5G is the 5th generation of mobile phone technology. All generations of mobile phones work using what鈥檚 called electromagnetic energy. The specific type of electromagnetic energy used by mobile phones is known as , sometimes called radio waves.

This type of radiation is non-ionising, so it doesn鈥檛 damage our DNA like ionising radiation can, such as that from the sun or x-rays. Ionising means there鈥檚 enough energy to remove electrons from the atoms they are attached to. This makes them unstable and is something non-ionising radiation, such as that used by mobile phones, lacks the power to do.

Initially, 5G will use the same type of radio waves as used in 4G. But in the future it will operate at higher frequencies. Higher frequencies allow for faster connections and response times, while also increasing capacity for more users to be connected.

The higher the frequency, the shorter the distance the radio waves travel. As the 5G frequencies will be higher than those used by previous mobile phone technologies, a lot more mobile phone base stations will be required.

Much of the public concern has centred around these two new elements 鈥� that the frequencies used will be higher, and that there will be more mobile phone base stations. While some people believe these two factors alone will lead to higher exposures, the reality is actually very different.

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Higher frequencies don鈥檛 travel as far, meaning exposure is not as deep as previous generation technologies. This results in more super铿乧ial exposures which are mostly absorbed by the skin rather than deeper in the body.

The idea that more base stations lead to higher exposures is also a common misconception. A larger number of base stations will actually provide a more efficient network. This means mobile phones can operate at a reduced power, which is likely to result in reduced overall personal exposure.

Research and regulation

Importantly, we have from the exposures related to mobile phones, despite extensive research. This consensus has been reiterated by independent .

We know a lot about how radiofrequency interacts with the human body. Health effects occur from exposure when there is a large rise in body temperature. But this will only be seen at power levels far higher than those used in telecommunications, like from a microwave oven.

The temperature changes associated with mobile phones are very small, especially when compared with normal or temperature variations.

Exposures from mobile phones and their base stations are tightly regulated. In Australia, safety standards are set by the Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency ().

These standards are based on the current scientific evidence. They also cover the new frequencies that will be used by 5G. Importantly, the safety limits are set well below levels known to cause harm. And although technology can legally run at the safety limit, in reality, exposures are typically hundreds of times .

Challenging misconceptions

There is a lot of misinformation out there regarding 5G, and the electromagnetic energy associated with telecommunications more generally. While there鈥檚 no evidence of harm from such electromagnetic energy, there is evidence to our health and overall well-being.

While anti-5G sentiment and campaigning might be well-intentioned, without the scientific evidence to back these sentiments, it鈥檚 likely doing more harm than good. The challenge we now face is counteracting the misinformation out there.

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, Research Fellow,

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